centos k8s部署怎样实现负载均衡

发布时间:2025-04-25 02:14:18

阅读量:141

在CentOS上部署Kubernetes（k8s）集群并实现负载均衡，可以通过以下几种方法：

使用HAProxy和Keepalived实现负载均衡

安装必要的软件包：在两台Master节点上安装haproxy和keepalived。
```
yum install haproxy keepalived -y
```

配置Keepalived：编辑/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件，配置VRRP实例和虚拟IP地址（VIP）。

global_defs {
    router_id K8S-2
    script_user root
    enable_script_security
}

vrrp_script check_server {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check.sh"
    interval 3
    weight -10
    fall 2
    rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens224
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 2

    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123
    }

    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.2.254/24
    }

    track_script {
        check_server
    }
}

编写检测脚本：将检测脚本放在keepalived目录下，用于监控haproxy服务进程。

#!/usr/bin/env bash
if pgrep haproxy > /dev/null; then
    true
else
    systemctl stop keepalived.service
    exit 1
fi

配置HAProxy：编辑/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg文件，添加负载均衡配置。

global
    log /dev/log
    local0
    local1
    notice
    maxconn 4096
    tune.ssl.default-dh-param 2048
    defaults
        log global
        mode http
        option httplog
        option dontlognull
        retries 3
        timeout http-request 10s
        timeout queue 1m
        timeout connect 10s
        timeout client 1m
        timeout server 1m

frontend http-in
    bind *:80
    default_backend servers

backend servers
    balance roundrobin
    server server1 192.168.3.101:80
    server server2 192.168.3.102:80

启动服务并设置为开机自启：在所有Master节点上执行以下命令。

systemctl start haproxy.service
systemctl enable haproxy.service
systemctl start keepalived.service
systemctl enable keepalived.service

使用Nginx实现负载均衡

安装Nginx：
```
yum install nginx -y
```

配置Nginx：编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件，添加负载均衡配置。

http {
    upstream backend {
        server backend1.example.com;
        server backend2.example.com;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

启动Nginx服务：

systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx

使用Kubernetes内置的负载均衡机制

Kubernetes提供了内置的负载均衡机制，主要通过Service资源类型来实现。

创建Service：创建一个类型为LoadBalancer的服务。

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: my-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: my-app
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 9376
  type: LoadBalancer

创建Ingress资源：对于外部流量的负载均衡，可以使用Ingress资源。

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: my-ingress
spec:
  rules:
  - http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        pathType: Prefix
        backend:
          service:
            name: my-service
            port:
              number: 80