springboot kafka怎样集成其他组件

发布时间:2024-12-19 00:47:41

阅读量:123

在Spring Boot中集成Kafka，通常需要以下几个步骤：

添加依赖

在你的pom.xml文件中添加Spring Boot Kafka的依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置Kafka

在application.properties或application.yml文件中配置Kafka的相关参数，例如：

# application.properties
spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers=localhost:9092
spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=my-group
spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=earliest
spring.kafka.consumer.key-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
spring.kafka.consumer.value-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
spring.kafka.producer.key-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer

或

# application.yml
spring:
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092
    consumer:
      group-id: my-group
      auto-offset-reset: earliest
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
    producer:
      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
      value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer

创建Kafka配置类

创建一个配置类，用于设置Kafka相关的Bean，例如：

@Configuration
public class KafkaConfig {

    @Value("${spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
    private String bootstrapServers;

    @Bean
    public Map consumerConfigs() {
        Map props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "my-group");
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
        return props;
    }

    @Bean
    public Map producerConfigs() {
        Map props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        return props;
    }

    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory consumerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
    }

    @Bean
    public ProducerFactory producerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
    }

    @Bean
    public KafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate() {
        return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory());
    }
}

创建Kafka监听器

创建一个Kafka监听器，用于处理接收到的消息，例如：

@Service
public class KafkaListener {

    @KafkaListener(topics = "${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}", groupId = "${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}")
    public void listen(ConsumerRecord record) {
        System.out.printf("Received message: key = %s, value = %s, partition = %d, offset = %d%n",
                record.key(), record.value(), record.partition(), record.offset());
    }
}

发送消息

创建一个Kafka生产者，用于发送消息到Kafka，例如：

@Service
public class KafkaProducer {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate kafkaTemplate;

    public void sendMessage(String topic, String message) {
        kafkaTemplate.send(topic, message);
    }
}